Lalam
Block Panchayat

Lalam Block has witnessed events and contributions significant enough to secure a pivotal place in the history of Kerala. Far from turning its back on the currents of history, Lalam—once an ordinary region slumbering in the inertia of feudal landlord-tenant relations—moved in step with the changing times.

The large number of temples stands as evidence of the ancient Vedic culture that once flourished in this region; many of these temples date back a thousand years. They also bear witness to the rigid caste system that existed here since ancient times. Renowned temples are found in every panchayat within the Lalam Block, and these sites were also home to ancient ritualistic traditions.

Churches established approximately 400 years ago are located across the various panchayats of the Lalam Block. The feast days celebrated at churches such as Bharananganam, Kudakkachira, and Paika are renowned and observed as local festivals. The population of the Lalam Block consists exclusively of Hindus and Christians; people from both communities uphold a spirit of brotherhood and religious harmony.

There are many patriots here who worked in association with the State Congress during the days when the national movement was active. Many have made contributions—however small—that serve as exemplary models to the nation's freedom struggle.

The caste system was a factor that reinforced the foundations of the feudal order. Kerala has been the stage for rigid caste practices and customs; it is a land that witnessed numerous struggles—for the right to walk on public paths, to cover one's upper body, to worship, and, above all, to live with human dignity. The Lalam Block comprises panchayats that have been the sites of unforgettable events in Kerala's history. In the wake of the historic Temple Entry Proclamation, the Nechippuzhoor Chirakkarakavu Temple set an example by opening its doors to Harijans. This event served as an inspiration for opening many other temples to Harijans as well.

Before the advent of formal education, schooling was confined to *Kudi-pallikoodams* (traditional village schools). There were renowned *Asan Kalaris* (traditional learning centers) and *Asans* (traditional teachers). Formal education began with the establishment of a vernacular school at Anthinad in Karoor Panchayat in 1910.

The agricultural sector was characterized by a landlord-tenant relationship rooted in the feudal system. Farmers did not own the land they cultivated; the prevailing practice involved farming under a lease arrangement and surrendering a significant portion of the produce as rent. A wide variety of crops were cultivated, including coconut, black pepper, ginger, turmeric, tapioca, and paddy.

Significant contributions have also been made to the field of art. Kathakali was actively promoted, and performances were traditionally held in prominent Hindu ancestral homes (*tharavads*); renowned artists were often invited from outside to stage these performances. The region also witnessed the staging of *Chavittu Nadakam*, a traditional art form performed by the Christian community. It is a land that has upheld the values ​​of secularism and brotherhood.